(1) Treatment of water loss

失水的處理流程為：打開(kāi)電池蓋一補(bǔ)加純水一處理硫化故障一將電池密封。

The treatment process of water loss is: open the battery cover, add pure water, deal with vulcanization fault and seal the battery.

① 適當(dāng)補(bǔ)加純水

① Add pure water appropriately

a.打開(kāi)電池蓋因?yàn)殚y控式密封鉛酸蓄電池不是全密封電池，都留有排氣通道，所以電池蓋與電池槽之間通常只是部分粘接在一起，即留有縫隙用于排氣。只要找到粘接位置，用適當(dāng)?shù)墓ぞ呒纯纱蜷_(kāi)電池蓋。

a. Open the battery cover, because the valve regulated sealed lead-acid battery is not a fully sealed battery, and an exhaust channel is reserved, so the battery cover and the battery slot are usually only partially bonded together, that is, a gap is reserved for exhaust. As long as the bonding position is found, the battery cover can be opened with a suitable tool.

b.補(bǔ)加適量的純水補(bǔ)加純水時(shí)要注意適量，因?yàn)殚y控式密封鉛酸蓄電池是貧液式電池，加水過(guò)多會(huì)堵塞氣體通道，影響氧氣的復(fù)合效率。氧復(fù)合效率低，會(huì)使過(guò)量的水被不斷消耗，并終使電池成為貧液狀態(tài)。但是，如果加水量太多，造成電解液成流動(dòng)狀態(tài)，則會(huì)使側(cè)立安置的電池發(fā)生漏液現(xiàn)象。

b. Add an appropriate amount of pure water. Pay attention to an appropriate amount when adding pure water, because the valve regulated sealed lead-acid battery is a lean liquid battery. Adding too much water will block the gas channel and affect the compound efficiency of oxygen. The low oxygen recombination efficiency will cause excessive water to be consumed continuously, and finally make the battery lean. However, if too much water is added, causing the electrolyte to flow, the side mounted battery will leak.

② 處理硫化故障  由于失水電池都伴隨有硫化故障，所以補(bǔ)加適量純水后，必須按照處理硫化故障的方法消除極板硫化。電池容量恢復(fù)后，用粘接劑將電池密封好。密封時(shí)要注意在電池蓋和電池槽之間留一定的排氣縫隙。

② Treatment of vulcanization failure as the water loss battery is accompanied by vulcanization failure, after adding an appropriate amount of pure water, the plate vulcanization must be eliminated according to the method of treatment of vulcanization failure. After the battery capacity is restored, seal the battery with adhesive. When sealing, pay attention to leave a certain exhaust gap between the battery cover and the battery slot.

(2)減少失水的措施

(2) Measures to reduce water loss

① 正確選擇和及時(shí)調(diào)整浮充電壓浮充電壓過(guò)高，電解水反應(yīng)加劇，析氣速度加快，失水量必然增大；浮充電壓過(guò)低，雖然可降低失水速度，但容易引起極板硫化。因而必須根據(jù)負(fù)荷電流大小、停電頻次以及電池溫度和電池組新舊程度，及時(shí)調(diào)整浮充電壓。

① Correctly select and timely adjust the floating charge voltage. If the floating charge voltage is too high, the electrolytic water reaction will intensify, the gas evolution speed will accelerate, and the water loss will inevitably increase; The floating charge voltage is too low, which can reduce the water loss rate, but it is easy to cause plate vulcanization. Therefore, the floating charge voltage must be adjusted in time according to the load current, power failure frequency, battery temperature and the new and old degree of battery pack.

② 保持合適的環(huán)境溫度  盡可能使環(huán)境溫度保持在20℃±5℃，這樣方可保持電池內(nèi)部溫度不超過(guò)30℃。機(jī)房?jī)?nèi)環(huán)境溫度不得超過(guò)35℃。

② Maintain an appropriate ambient temperature and keep the ambient temperature at 20 ℃± 5 ℃ as far as possible, so as to keep the internal temperature of the battery within 30 ℃. The ambient temperature in the machine room shall not exceed 35 ℃.

③ 定期檢測(cè)電池內(nèi)阻（或電導(dǎo)）  雖然用電導(dǎo)儀測(cè)電池電導(dǎo)可以判斷電池質(zhì)量，但是當(dāng)電池組的容量在額定容量的50％以上時(shí)，測(cè)得的電導(dǎo)值幾乎沒(méi)有變化，只是在容量低于額定容量的50％時(shí)，電池電導(dǎo)值才會(huì)迅速下降。因此當(dāng)蓄電池組中各單體電池的容量均大于80％C額，就不能用電導(dǎo)（或內(nèi)阻）來(lái)估算電池容量和預(yù)測(cè)電池的使用壽命。然而一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)內(nèi)阻異常增大，則很可能是失水所致，其結(jié)果必然導(dǎo)致容量對(duì)同一電池而言下降。

③ Regularly detect the internal resistance (or conductance) of the battery. Although the battery quality can be judged by measuring the battery conductance with a conductometer, the measured conductance value hardly changes when the capacity of the battery pack is more than 50% of the rated capacity. Only when the capacity is less than 50% of the rated capacity, the battery conductance value will decrease rapidly. Therefore, when the capacity of each single battery in the battery pack is greater than 80% C, the conductance (or internal resistance) cannot be used to estimate the battery capacity and predict the service life of the battery. However, once the abnormal increase of internal resistance is found, it is likely to be caused by water loss, which will inevitably lead to the decrease of capacity for the same battery.

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